Proses Distribusi Sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Keadilan Dalam Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Islam


Abstract
Distribution in general is a further economic activity after production and consumption. In order to be consumed, the products must pass through a distribution process from one party to another, either by means of an exchange between goods or for money. Distribution has the most significant and most important role in the economic cycle of a society or a country, whether it adheres to capitalism, socialism or Islam. Economics in Islam is different from Capitalists and Socialists, both philosophically-ontologically, and axiologically. Economics in Islam is built on moral values, both divine (transcendental) and human values (humanism). Therefore, in the context of distribution, in contrast to capitalists and socialists who focus on distribution after production, Islam focuses attention and formulates the concept of distribution before discussing the dimensions of production; who owns it, in what way the product is distributed, and what are the obligations. The discussion of distribution in the Islamic concept which includes the distribution of income and the distribution of wealth is important because distribution is the key to realizing prosperity, justice and economic equality. The state in the Islamic concept has a very important position in creating distribution justice because it is an economic agent that has authoritative power. According to Ruslan (2013), the state must play a role in the distribution of primary (daruriyyah), secondary (hajjiyyah), tertiary (tahsiniyyah / the commendable) needs and even complementary needs (the luxury / kamil).
Keywords: Distribution, Justice, Islamic Economic Law.
Abstrak
Distribusi secara umum merupakan kegiatan ekonomi lebih lanjut setelah produksi dan konsumsi. Agar dapat dikonsumsi, hasil produksi harus melewati proses distribusi dari satu pihak ke pihak lain, baik dengan mekanisme pertukaran antar barang atau dengan uang. Distribusi mempunyai peran paling signifikan dan terpenting dalam perputaran ekonomi suatu masyarakat ataupun negara baik yang menganut sistem kapitalisme, sosialisme, maupun Islam. Ekonomi dalam Islam berbeda dengan Kapitalis dan Sosialis, baik secara filosofis-ontologis, maupun aksiologis. Ekonomi dalam Islam dibangun diatas nilai-nilai moral, baik ketuhanan (transcendental) maupun nilai-nilai kemanusiaan (humanism). Oleh karena itu dalam konteks distribusi, berbeda dengan kapitalis dan sosialis yang menfokuskan distribusi itu pasca produksi, Islam justru fokuskan perhatian dan merumuskan konsep distribusi sebelum membahas dimensi produksi; siapakah yang memilikinya, dengan cara apa produk didistribusikan, dan apa saja kewajibannnya. Pembahasan tentang distribusi dalam konsep Islam yang meliputi distribusi pendapatan maupun distribusi kekayaan menjadi penting karena distribusi merupakan kunci untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan, keadilan dan pemerataan ekonomi. Negara dalam konsep Islam memiliki posisi sangat penting dalam menciptakan keadilan distribusi karena ia merupakan agen ekonomi yang mempunyai kekuasaan otoritatif. Negara menurut Ruslan (2013) harus berperan dalam distribusi kebutuhan primer (daruriyyah), sekunder (hajjiyyah), tertier (tahsiniyyah/the commendable) dan bahkan kebutuhan pelengkap (the luxury/kamil).
Kata Kunci: Distribusi, Keadilan, Hukum Ekonomi Islam
Distribution in general is a further economic activity after production and consumption. In order to be consumed, the products must pass through a distribution process from one party to another, either by means of an exchange between goods or for money. Distribution has the most significant and most important role in the economic cycle of a society or a country, whether it adheres to capitalism, socialism or Islam. Economics in Islam is different from Capitalists and Socialists, both philosophically-ontologically, and axiologically. Economics in Islam is built on moral values, both divine (transcendental) and human values (humanism). Therefore, in the context of distribution, in contrast to capitalists and socialists who focus on distribution after production, Islam focuses attention and formulates the concept of distribution before discussing the dimensions of production; who owns it, in what way the product is distributed, and what are the obligations. The discussion of distribution in the Islamic concept which includes the distribution of income and the distribution of wealth is important because distribution is the key to realizing prosperity, justice and economic equality. The state in the Islamic concept has a very important position in creating distribution justice because it is an economic agent that has authoritative power. According to Ruslan (2013), the state must play a role in the distribution of primary (daruriyyah), secondary (hajjiyyah), tertiary (tahsiniyyah / the commendable) needs and even complementary needs (the luxury / kamil).
Keywords: Distribution, Justice, Islamic Economic Law.
Abstrak
Distribusi secara umum merupakan kegiatan ekonomi lebih lanjut setelah produksi dan konsumsi. Agar dapat dikonsumsi, hasil produksi harus melewati proses distribusi dari satu pihak ke pihak lain, baik dengan mekanisme pertukaran antar barang atau dengan uang. Distribusi mempunyai peran paling signifikan dan terpenting dalam perputaran ekonomi suatu masyarakat ataupun negara baik yang menganut sistem kapitalisme, sosialisme, maupun Islam. Ekonomi dalam Islam berbeda dengan Kapitalis dan Sosialis, baik secara filosofis-ontologis, maupun aksiologis. Ekonomi dalam Islam dibangun diatas nilai-nilai moral, baik ketuhanan (transcendental) maupun nilai-nilai kemanusiaan (humanism). Oleh karena itu dalam konteks distribusi, berbeda dengan kapitalis dan sosialis yang menfokuskan distribusi itu pasca produksi, Islam justru fokuskan perhatian dan merumuskan konsep distribusi sebelum membahas dimensi produksi; siapakah yang memilikinya, dengan cara apa produk didistribusikan, dan apa saja kewajibannnya. Pembahasan tentang distribusi dalam konsep Islam yang meliputi distribusi pendapatan maupun distribusi kekayaan menjadi penting karena distribusi merupakan kunci untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan, keadilan dan pemerataan ekonomi. Negara dalam konsep Islam memiliki posisi sangat penting dalam menciptakan keadilan distribusi karena ia merupakan agen ekonomi yang mempunyai kekuasaan otoritatif. Negara menurut Ruslan (2013) harus berperan dalam distribusi kebutuhan primer (daruriyyah), sekunder (hajjiyyah), tertier (tahsiniyyah/the commendable) dan bahkan kebutuhan pelengkap (the luxury/kamil).
Kata Kunci: Distribusi, Keadilan, Hukum Ekonomi Islam
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