Reaktualisasi Kaidah ‘اَلضَّرَرُ يُزَالُ’ (Kemudharatan Harus Dihilangkan) tentang Riba dalam Hukum Ekonomi Syariah di Indonesia
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Abstract
Fiqh rules continue to experience development, including in discussing various issues of Indonesian sharia economic law. This study aims to determine the development map and trend of riba-themed articles published in Islamic economics and finance. In addition, this study also examines the reactualization of the fiqh rule 'اَلضَّرَرُ يُزَالُ' (Harm Must Be Eliminated) in usury transactions, more specifically from a spiritual, social, and economic perspective. This study uses a bibliometric approach to visualize the development of research on usury. The data studied was in the form of scientific literature of 169 published studies indexed by Scopus. The export data were then processed and analyzed using the R Biblioshiny program to create a bibliometric map of usury evolution. The results of this study indicate a constant growth in the number of publications on the evolution of usury in the study of Islamic economics and finance. This study provides a complete explanation of usury and shows the detrimental spiritual, social, and economic consequences, which are the re-actualization of the fiqh rule 'اَلضَّرَرُ يُزَالُ' (Harm Must Be Eliminated). This study is a comprehensive study that discusses the redefinition of usury in bibliometric analysis and fiqh principles.
Abstrak
Kaidah fiqh terus mengalami perkembangan, diantaranya dalam membahas berbagai isu hukum ekonomi syariah Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peta perkembangan dan tren artikel bertema riba yang diterbitkan di bidang ekonomi dan keuangan Islam. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga mengkaji reaktualisasi dari kaidah fiqh ‘اَلضَّرَرُ يُزَالُ’ (Kemudharatan Harus Dihilangkan) dalam transaksi riba, lebih khusus dari perspektif spiritual, sosial dan ekonomi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan bibliometrik dalam melihat visualisasi perkembangan penelitian tentang riba. Data yang diteliti berupa literatur ilmiah sejumlah 169 penelitian terpublikasi yang terindeks Scopus. Data ekspor kemudian diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan program R Biblio Shiny untuk membuat peta bibliometrik evolusi riba. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya pertumbuhan yang konstan dalam jumlah publikasi tentang evolusi riba dalam studi ekonomi dan keuangan Islam. Penelitian ini menyajikan penjelasan lengkap tentang riba dan menunjukkan konsekuensi merugikan spiritual, sosial, dan ekonomi yang merupakan reaktualisasi dari kaidah fiqh ‘اَلضَّرَرُ يُزَالُ’ (Kemudharatan Harus Dihilangkan). Kajian ini merupakan kajian komprehensif yang membahas tema redefinisi riba dalam analisis bibliometrik dan kaidah fiqh.
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